Osnabrück, located in Lower Saxony, is a city steeped in history and culture. Founded by Charlemagne in 780, it became an important bishopric and trading hub during the Middle Ages. Its name likely derives from the Low German words for ‚ox‘ and ‚bridge‘, reflecting its early significance as a crossing point over the Hase river. Osnabrück played a pivotal role in European history as one of the cities where the Peace of Westphalia was signed in 1648, ending the Thirty Years’ War. This treaty marked a turning point in diplomacy and religious coexistence, earning Osnabrück the title of ‚City of Peace‘ (Friedensstadt).
During World War II, Osnabrück suffered extensive damage from 79 Allied air raids due to its strategic importance as a railway and industrial center. These bombings devastated over 65 % of the city, including its medieval old town, which lost much of its historical architecture. Thousands of lives were lost, and landmarks like the Dom St. Peter and the Rathaus were heavily damaged. The city’s reconstruction after the war focused on preserving its historical heritage while modernizing urban infrastructure.
The Piesberg, a prominent geological feature near Osnabrück, has transitioned from industrial use to a cultural and recreational hotspot. Once a site for coal mining and sandstone extraction, it now serves as part of a nature park and hosts attractions like the Museum Industriekultur and scenic hiking trails. Its designation as a national geotope highlights its geological significance. Additionally, Osnabrück University plays a vital role in the city’s identity, fostering education and research across diverse fields while contributing to the local economy.
Visitors to Osnabrück should explore ten must-see locations: the Rathaus, Dom St. Petrus, Felix-Nussbaum-Museum, Heger Tor, Erich-Maria-Remarque Friedenszentrum, Piesberg’s hiking trails, Botanical Garden of the Osnabrück University, Marienkirche, Bürgerpark for relaxation, and the vibrant old town with its historic charm. Osnabrück really surprised me; it was way more beautiful than expected and offers a great variety of cultural activities.
Friedensstadt Osnabrück
Germany
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